코로나19 팬데믹이 잉글랜드 프리미어리그에 미친 영향
The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges to the world, and the realm of professional sports was no exception. Among the most affected was the English Premier League (EPL), a global sports phenomenon, which had to confront the pandemic’s impact head-on.
This detailed exploration covers how the EPL managed during these trying times, showcasing resilience, innovation, and a deep commitment to community support.
The Initial Response
As the pandemic escalated in March 2020, the EPL was forced to a sudden halt, marking the beginning of an uncertain period for football. This suspension was not merely a disruption of the sporting calendar but also posed a severe financial threat to clubs across the league.
The initial response required quick adaptation, with clubs and the league administration working tirelessly to devise a plan that could see football return safely.
Implementing Safety Protocols
Central to the resumption of the league was the development and implementation of stringent safety measures, under the banner of “Project Restart”. These measures included regular testing for players and staff, social distancing protocols, and the creation of bio-secure environments for teams.
The league’s commitment to safety was evident, with over 40,000 COVID-19 tests conducted during the remainder of the 2019-2020 season. The adaptation to these new norms required significant effort from all involved, but it was critical in ensuring the health and safety of players, staff, and the broader community.
Financial Adjustments and Adaptations
The financial implications of the pandemic were a significant concern for the EPL and its clubs. With stadiums empty, the loss of match-day revenue, alongside broadcasting and commercial income uncertainties, forced clubs to reassess their financial strategies. The income derived from matchday revenue varies significantly among clubs, with larger clubs like Manchester United earning about 20% and smaller clubs like Bournemouth less than 4% from fans attending matches.
Many clubs, including Arsenal and Southampton, negotiated wage deferrals with their players and staff to manage the financial strain, with the Gunners announcing a 12.5% pay cut across the board. Additionally, the league and clubs enhanced their digital platforms, offering fans new ways to engage with their teams, which helped mitigate some revenue losses. These efforts underscored the necessity of financial prudence and innovation in facing the pandemic’s challenges.
Due to the prolonged absence of supporters, English Premier League clubs collectively lost approximately £800 million in matchday revenue over 18 months during the pandemic.
Furthermore, the EPL broadcast revenue decreased by 12% (£391m) to £3 billion in the 2021/22 season, mainly due to match postponements from the 2019/20 season into 2020/21, which led to a deferral of associated broadcast revenues.
Community Support and Initiatives
Perhaps one of the most heartening aspects of the EPL’s response to the pandemic was the numerous community support initiatives undertaken by clubs. Beyond the examples of Manchester United, Manchester City, and Arsenal, many other clubs demonstrated their commitment to their communities.
Everton launched the “Blue Family” campaign, a comprehensive outreach initiative to support vulnerable fans and residents in their community, providing essential services and mental health support.
Wolverhampton Wanderers worked in their locality to support food banks and deliver health and educational workshops, showcasing the clubs’ integral role in their communities beyond the pitch.
Navigating Through Uncertainty
The journey through the pandemic was marked by uncertainty, with the ever-present risk of outbreaks and the need for flexibility in scheduling and protocols. The EPL’s ability to adapt to these changing circumstances was critical in successfully navigating this period.
This adaptability was not just limited to logistical arrangements but also extended to addressing the mental and physical well-being of players and staff, recognizing the immense pressures they faced.
Impact on Player Performance and Club Results
Studies revealed that playing in empty stadiums during the pandemic reduced the home advantage, with home teams winning an average of 0.22 points more at home compared to 0.39 points with fans present.
The scoring rate for home teams was affected, with a decrease from 0.29 to 0.15 more goals per game than away teams when fans were absent.
Without the presence of fans, home teams exhibited less dominance during games, illustrated by 0.7 fewer corners won, 1.3 fewer shot attempts, and 0.4 fewer shots on target per game.
Referee behaviour also appeared influenced by the lack of crowd presence, resulting in more fouls being awarded against home teams and fewer yellow cards to away teams, suggesting an influence of crowds on referee decisions.
The Return of Fans and the Path Forward
The gradual return of fans to stadiums in the 2020-2021 season was a milestone in the league’s recovery process. This return was carefully managed, with clubs implementing measures to ensure fan safety, such as staggered entry times, mask mandates, and social distancing.
The presence of fans, even in limited numbers, marked a significant step towards normalcy and underscored the importance of the fan experience in football.
The Lasting Impact of the Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has left a lasting imprint on the EPL, accelerating trends towards digital engagement, highlighting the importance of community relations, and prompting a re-evaluation of financial models within football.
The experiences from that period have also sparked a broader conversation about player welfare, the football calendar, and the future of live sports broadcasting.
결론
The English Premier League’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic is a compelling narrative of resilience, innovation, and community spirit. Faced with unprecedented challenges, the league, its clubs, and its players demonstrated remarkable adaptability, ensuring that football could continue in the safest manner possible.
Through stringent safety protocols, community support efforts, and financial strategies, the EPL managed to navigate the complexities of the pandemic, offering a beacon of hope and entertainment to millions around the globe during a time of great uncertainty.
As we look to the future, the lessons learned during this period will undoubtedly shape the league’s approach, making it more robust and prepared for any challenges ahead. The pandemic has reinforced the value of football as more than just a game, highlighting its role in bringing people together, supporting communities, and providing joy and solace in difficult times.
The enduring spirit of the EPL and its ability to adapt and thrive in the face of adversity serves as a testament to the unbreakable bond between the sport, its players, and fans worldwide.